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Tattva Bodha

अथ चतुर्विंशतितत्त्वोत्पत्तिप्रकारं वक्ष्यामः ।

atha caturviṃśatitattvotpattiprakāraṃ vakṣyāmaḥ .

Now we shall explain the evolution of the twenty-four factors.

Aka - māyā

ब्रह्माश्रया सत्त्वरजस्तमोगुणात्मिका माया अस्ति ।

brahmāśrayā sattvarajastamoguṇātmikā māyā asti .

Depending on Brahman, maya exists, which is of the nature of the three qualities of sattva, rajas and tamas.

Evolution of the five elements

ततः आकाशः सम्भूतः ।

आकाशाद् वायुः ।

वायोस्तेजः ।

तेजस आपः ।

अभ्धयः पृथिवी ।

tataḥ ākāśaḥ sambhūtaḥ .

ākāśād vāyuḥ .

vāyostejaḥ .

tejasa āpaḥ .

abhdhayaḥ pṛthivī .

From that {maya}, space was born. From space, air. From air, fire. From fire, water.

From water, earth.

Evolution of the Sattva aspect – The organs of perception

एतेषां पञ्चतत्त्वानां मध्ये

आकाशस्य सात्विकांशात् श्रोत्रेन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

वायोः सात्विकांशात् त्वगिन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

अग्नेः सात्विकांशात् चक्षुरिन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

जलस्य सात्विकांशात् रसनेन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

पृथिव्याः सात्विकांशात् घ्राणेन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

eteṣāṃ pañcatattvānāṃ madhye

ākāśasya sātvikāṃśāt śrotrendriyaṃ sambhūtam .

vāyoḥ sātvikāṃśāt tvagindriyaṃ sambhūtam .

agneḥ sātvikāṃśāt cakṣurindriyaṃ sambhūtam .

jalasya sātvikāṃśāt rasanendriyaṃ sambhūtam .

pṛthivyāḥ sātvikāṃśāt ghrāṇendriyaṃ sambhūtam .

Among these five great elements, out of the sattvic aspect of space, the organ of hearing, the ear, evolved. From the sattvic aspect of air, the organ of touch, the skin, evolved. From the sattvic aspect of fire, the organ of sight, the eye, evolved. From the sattvic aspect of water, the organ of taste, the tongue evolved. From the sattvic aspect of earth, the organ of smell, the nose, evolved.

Antahkarana – The inner instruments

एतेषां पञ्चतत्त्वानां समष्टिसात्विकांशात्

मनोबुद्ध्यहङ्कार चित्तान्तःकरणानि सम्भूतानि ।

सङ्कल्पविकल्पात्मकं मनः ।

निश्चयात्मिका बुद्धिः ।

अहंकर्ता अहंकारः ।

चिन्तनकर्तृ चित्तम् ।

मनसो देवता चन्द्रमाः ।

बुद्धे ब्रह्मा ।

अहंकारस्य रुद्रः ।

चित्तस्य वासुदेवः ।

eteṣāṃ pañcatattvānāṃ samaṣṭisātvikāṃśāt

manobuddhyahaṅkāra cittāntaḥkaraṇāni sambhūtāni .

saṅkalpavikalpātmakaṃ manaḥ .

niścayātmikā buddhiḥ .

ahaṃkartā ahaṃkāraḥ .

cintanakartṛ cittam .

manaso devatā candramāḥ .

buddhe brahmā .

ahaṃkārasya rudraḥ .

cittasya vāsudevaḥ .

From the total sattvic aspect of these five elements, the inner instruments of the mind, intellect, ego and memory are formed. The mind is of the nature of indecision. The intellect is of the nature of decision. The ego is of the nature of the notion of doership.

Memory is of the nature of thinking or recollection. The presiding deity of the mind is the moon, of the intellect, Brahma, of the ego, Rudra and of memory, Vasudeva.

Evolution of the Rajas aspect

एतेषां पञ्चतत्त्वानां मध्ये

आकाशस्य राजसांशात् वागिन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

वायोः राजसांशात् पाणीन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

वन्हेः राजसांशात् पादेन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

जलस्य राजसांशात् उपस्थेन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

पृथिव्या राजसांशात् गुदेन्द्रियं सम्भूतम् ।

एतेषां समष्टिराजसांशात् पञ्चप्राणाः सम्भूताः ।

eteṣāṃ pañcatattvānāṃ madhye

ākāśasya rājasāṃśāt vāgindriyaṃ sambhūtam .

vāyoḥ rājasāṃśāt pāṇīndriyaṃ sambhūtam .

vanheḥ rājasāṃśāt pādendriyaṃ sambhūtam .

jalasya rājasāṃśāt upasthendriyaṃ sambhūtam .

pṛthivyā rājasāṃśāt gudendriyaṃ sambhūtam .

eteṣāṃ samaṣṭirājasāṃśāt pañcaprāṇāḥ sambhūtāḥ .

Among these five elements, from the rajas aspect of space, the organ of speech is formed. From the rajas aspect of air, the organ of grasping, the hands are formed. From the rajas aspect of fire, the organ of locomotion, the legs are formed. From the rajas aspect of water, the organ of procreation is formed. From the rajasic aspect of earth, the anus is formed. From the total rajas aspect of these five elements, the five vital airs, pranas are formed.

Evolution of the Tamasic aspect

एतेषां पञ्चतत्त्वानां तामसांशात्

पञ्चीकृतपञ्चतत्त्वानि भवन्ति ।

पञ्चीकरणं कथम् इति चेत् ।

एतेषां पञ्चमहाभूतानां तामसांशस्वरूपम्

एकमेकं भूतं द्विधा विभज्य एकमेकमर्धं पृथक्

तूष्णीं व्यवस्थाप्य अपरमपरमर्धं चतुर्धां विभज्य

स्वार्धमन्येषु अर्धेषु स्वभागचतुष्टयसंयोजनं कार्यम् ।

तदा पञ्चीकरणं भवति ।

एतेभ्यः पञ्चीकृतपञ्चमहाभूतेभ्यः स्थूलशरीरं भवति ।

एवं पिण्डब्रह्माण्डयोरैक्यं सम्भूतम् ।

eteṣāṃ pañcatattvānāṃ tāmasāṃśāt

pañcīkṛtapañcatattvāni bhavanti .

pañcīkaraṇaṃ katham iti cet .

eteṣāṃ pañcamahābhūtānāṃ tāmasāṃśasvarūpam

ekamekaṃ bhūtaṃ dvidhā vibhajya ekamekamardhaṃ pṛthak

tūṣṇīṃ vyavasthāpya aparamaparamardhaṃ caturdhāṃ vibhajya

svārdhamanyeṣu ardheṣu svabhāgacatuṣṭayasaṃyojanaṃ kāryam .

tadā pañcīkaraṇaṃ bhavati .

etebhyaḥ pañcīkṛtapañcamahābhūtebhyaḥ sthūlaśarīraṃ bhavati .

evaṃ piṇḍabrahmāṇḍayoraikyaṃ sambhūtam .

From the tamas aspect of these five elements, the grossified five

elements are born. If it is asked how this panchikarana takes place, it

is as follows.

– The tamas aspect of each of the five elements divides into two equal parts.

– One half of each remains intact.

– The other half of each gets divided into four equal parts.

– Then to the intact half of one element, one-eight portions from each of the other four elements gets joined.

– Then panchikarana is completed.

– From these five grossified elements, the gross body is formed.

Thus, there is identity between the microcosm and the macrocosm.

Five Elements	Sattva ( sense organs)	Rajas ( organs of action)	Tamas
Akasa ( Space)	Ear	Speech	Pancheekaranam- gross space
Vayu ( Air)	Skin	Hands grasp	Pancheekaranam- gross Vayu
Agni ( Fire)	Eye	Legs- locomotion	Pancheekaranam- gross fire
Apah ( water)	Tongue	Organs of procreation	Pancheekaranam- gross water
Prtvi ( Earth)	Nose	Organs of excretion	Pancheekaranam- gross earth